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Antigen Detection ELISA
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FMDV is antigenically heterogenous and there is considerable antigenic diversity within each of the seven recognised serotypes. In terms of the diagnosis of new field strains, the serotype of the virus involved must first be identified and its relationship to other, well characterised strains determined.
Serotype-specific rabbit (coating) and guinea-pig (detector) antisera for each of the seven serotypes of FMDV are used in the antigen detection ELISA. The use of mono-specific sera means that the serotype of virus involved can be identified at the same time as the diagnosis of FMD is made. Trapping and detecting antisera in the antigen detection ELISA are selected on the basis of broad reactivity between strains of the same serotype and minimal cross reactivity between serotypes.
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