Endemic/sporadic regions

FMD-Free regions

Routine Measures

• Rapid detection and response to outbreaks
• Import controls
• Routine prophylactic vaccination may be appropriate in some countries

• No annual vaccination
• Import control
• Surveillance
• Rapid diagnostic capacity

Emergency Measures

• Primarily strategic vaccination
• Degrees of slaughter policy
• Movement standstill

• Primarily 'stamping out'
• Movement standstill
• Lastly, strategic vaccination

Advantages

• Less extensive outbreaks
• Reduced costs

• Improved international trade
• No annual vaccination cost
• Free movement of animals

Disadvantages

• Restricted international trade
• Cost of annual vaccination
• Restricted movement of animals

• Potential for extensive outbreaks